Density
It is defined as the mass per unit volume of a liquid at the standard temperature and pressure.Its symbols is
ρ (rho) and its unit is kg/m3.It is also termed as mass density. So we can say
density = mass/volume
ρ = m/V
Specific Weight
Specific weight or weight density is the weight per unit volume of liquid at a standard temperature and pressure. It is denoted by w and its unit is KN/
m³ or N/
m³ . So mathematically
w =
ρ .g
Example : specific weight for water w = 9.81 KN/m³
Specific Volume
It is defined as the volume per unit mass of the liquid. It is denoted by v so mathematically
v = V/m
Specific Gravity
Ratio of the specific weight of a liquid to the specific weight of the pure water at the standard temperature( 4 degree Centigrade). It has no unit.
Viscosity
Property of liquid which offers resistance to the movement of one layer of liquid over anoher adjacent layer of liquid. Viscosity of the liquid is becuase of cohesion and interation between the particles. Viscosity is also known as absolute viscosity or dynamic viscosity.
kinematic viscosity
It can be defined as the ratio of dynamic viscosity to the density of liquid.
Compressibility
Property of a liquid by virtue of which liquids undergo a change in volume with the change in pressure. It is reciprocal of bulk modulus of elasticity.
Surface tension
property of liquid which enables it to resist tensile stress.
It is denoted by sigma and expressed in N/m.
A phenomenon of rise or fall of a liquid surface in a
small vertical tube held in a liquid relative to general level of the liquid.
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