Working Principle of Transformer

A transformer is a static or stationery apparatus which transformed electric power from one circuit (same frequency) to another circuit. It can raise or fall down the voltage in a circuit but with a regarding to increase or decrease in the current.

The physical basis of transformer is mutual induction between two circuits connected by a common flux. It consists of two inductive coils  which are electrically separated but magnetically connected by a path of low reluctance. The two coils posses high mutual inductance.

If one coil is linked to a source of alternating voltage, an alternative flux is set up in the laminated core. Most of which is connected with the other coil in which it raise mutually induced e.m.f. If the secondary coil circuit is shut down, a current flow in it and so electric energy is converted from

the first coil to second coil. The first coil , in which electric energy is fed from the a.c. supply , it is called primary winding and the other which drawn out the energy is called secondary winding.

In conclusion we can say the transformer is a device which

(a) transfers electric power from one circuit to another.

(b) it does so without a change of frequency.

(c) it accomplishes this by electromagnetic induction

(d) When two electric circuits are in mutual inductive influence of each other

Basic Theory of a Transformer

Let's assume you make them wind which is supplied by a alternative electrical source. The alternative current through the winding creates a consistently changing flux or alternative flux that encompasses the winding. In the event that some other winding is conveyed closer to the past one, clearly some segment of this flux will interface with the second. As this flux is constantly altering in its amplitude and direction, there must be an adjustment in flux linkage in the second winding or coil. As indicated by Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, there must be an EMF prompted in the second. In that the circuit of the later winding is shut, there must be a present moving through it. This is the easiest type of electrical force transformer and this is the most essential of working rule of transformer. For better understanding, we are attempting to rehash the above clarification in a more short manner here. At whatever point we apply exchanging current to an electric coil, there will be a rotating flux encompassing that loop. Presently in the event that we bring another loop close to the first, there will be a rotating flux linkage with that second curl. As the flux is exchanging, there will be clearly a rate of progress in flux linkage concerning time in the second loop. Actually emf will be prompted in it according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic impelling.